The space agency created by the country and humans has reached the moon. In today’s time, there are many such planets in the solar system where any human-made object has reached, whether it is a lander, a robot, an impactor or an orbiter. Scientists are always searching for Evidence of environment conducive on Mars.
At present, along with the moon, the search is going on Mars as well and every day scientists share new information related to Mars with the world. Lets know about the Evidence of environment conducive on Mars.
Basic Information About Mars
Mars is the second smallest planet in the solar system and the fourth planet from the Sun. It is also known as the Red Planet. It is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere that has the characteristics of the valleys , ice etc.
Mars has the largest volcano, Olympus Mons, as well as the highest known mountain in the Solar System named Valles Marineris. 40% of the northern hemisphere of Mars is covered by the smooth Borealis basin .
Mars has two small and irregularly shaped moons named Phots and Daemons.
How was Mars discovered?
Mars has been explored by man-made spacecraft. The first spacecraft to go to the Red planet was named the Mariner 4. It was launched by NASA on 28 November 1964.
This vehicle reached the closest to Mars on 15 July 1964. Mangalyaan Mariner 4 detected the faint Martian radiation belts and captured the first picture of another planet from space. NASA’s Viking 1 lander sent the first images of the surface of Mars in 1976.
The United States successfully deployed Sojourner to Mars in 1997 and Jurong in 2021.
Mission to Mars
Many countries like England, China, Russia, America and Europe have sent their respective missions on Mars. The Soviet Union first sent the Mars 2 lander spacecraft to Mars in 1971, and it was the first man-made vehicle to hit Mars.
After this, by 1974, the Soviet Union had sent spacecraft named Mars 3 Lander and Mars 6 Lander to Mars.
On November 27, 1971, Mars 2 first collided with Mars. After that, on December 2 this year, it made a soft landing in Mars 3 Lander and made contact with the Earth only 1:30 minutes after landing. Mars 6 failed to land on Mars.
From 20 July 1975 to 18 February 2021, America has sent 10 spacecraft to red planet and has also achieved many successes. In 1976, the Viking 1 lander soft-landed on Mars and sent the first colored photograph.
On July 4, 1997, Mars Pathfinder made a successful landing for the first time with the help of an airbag. For the first time, Rover Sojourner was sent along with Mars Pathfinder.
In December 1999, the US sent the Mars Polar Lander to Mars. Whose connection was broken even before landing. After this, the agency of Europe and England together sent Biggle 3 to Mars. But it was not successful.
Between 2004 and 2012, the spacecraft were sent to Mars, all of which were successful. After this, the European Space Agency and the Russian Space Agency sent a spacecraft in 2016 which failed.
In 2018 and 2021, America sent Insight, Ingenuity and Mars Perseverance helicopters. Both these missions were successful and are still working. In 2021 itself, China made a good success by sending Tianwen-1 lander and Zhurong rover which are still working.
Latest evidence of environment conducive on Mars
Scientists have discovered a pattern on Mars in a study that gives evidence of a cyclical climate similar to Earth. Scientists have found fossil evidence of a cyclical climate on Mars with dry and wet seasons. The results of this study were published on 9 August 2023 in the journal Nature.
NASA’s rovers have already detected the presence of simple organic molecules on Mars that may have been formed through biological processes and geological processes.
Other Evidence of environment conducive on Mars
- Red planet may be a barren and dry land, but some evidence has come to the fore which suggests that it was not always like this, but its climatic conditions have changed. A pattern of hexagons at Gale Crater indicates an oft-repeated cycle of dry and wet conditions.
- NASA’s Perseverance Rover has captured a stone that looks like Donut on Mars. The picture of this stone was taken on June 22, 2023.
- According to the pictures sent by the spacecraft located on Mars, wind and dust storms keep coming on Mars.
- Drains have been found during the study on red planet, these drains are made of melting ice of carbon dioxide. According to a new study, these drains can also be made of liquid water and these drains must have been made at least 630000 years ago.
- According to a study, when the temperature of Mars goes above zero degree Celsius, the temperature of its atmosphere increases due to which the ground ice on it starts melting.
Conclusion
Till the time, 6 rovers and 5 landers were sent to mars And all of them have a common goal to assess Mars. These rovers are traveling, drilling, scanning on the surface of Mars.
We hope that you have liked this article based on Evidence of an environment conducive on Mars.
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