All about Earth’s information & Evolution of Earth. (Explained in detail)

If you are looking for complete information about earth then you are in the right place because in this article we come up with all about earth’s information and evolution of the earth.

Now Our Planet Earth Looks different from the way it looks like Millions Of Years Ago And It’s Evolution. A Lot Has Changed Over The Centuries With The Splitting Of Land And Water. Do you know the earth and it’s geographical is altered continuously. But before understanding Geographical Features we need to know the Divisions Of Earth Between Hemispheres And Poles.

Poles :-

Do you know what is poles? In simple language pole means the point on the earth surface from where Earth Constantly Rotate On Its Axis Of Rotation, This Axis Is An Imaginary Line Passing Through The Earth That Points Earth Towards North And South. Earth Has Two Poles The Northern Most Point Is North Pole And Southern Most Point Is South Pole. Earth Is Almost A Complete Spherical Ball. The Earth Is Slightly Pear-Shaped – With Bulbs At The Top Of The North Pole And The South Pole.

Hemispheres:-

Do you want to know where the word hemisphere comes? The word hemisphere comes from the Greek word. The earth is divided into two equal parts by an imaginary line which is called the equator. And Hemispheres Are Two Equal Halves Of The Earth of The Equator. Area Above The Equator Is Northern Hemisphere And Line Below It Is Called Southern Hemisphere.

Continents of the Earth:-

Whenever we here the word continent, always the name of seven continent comes in mind. But these names are not based on physical features its based on cultural features. The word continent has broad meaning. But before understanding meaning it is essential to understand these terms.

Earlier the continent is A Massive Mass Of Land Called Supercontinents, Later Split into Various Small Cocontinents Due To The theory Called Plate Tectonics. The Earth We Know As Today, Was A Lot of Different Billions Of Years Before. Scientists Believe Group Together Again Continents In 250 Millionears From Now. Alfred Wegener Collected Geological And Fossils To Conclude And Give The Theory Of Splitting Of Continental Drift As Per Which The Continents And Oceans Were Drifting Apart.

Also Sometimes There Are Mountains Formed Due It has To Collision Between Various Pieces Of Land. Taking The Example Of The Alps, When Africa Collided With Eurasia, Mountains Like The Alps Were Formed And Also Led To The Forming The Basins When Continents Were Torn Apart.

Super Continents:-

In simple word supercontinent means large continents through which most of the continent is formed. There Is A Cycle Of Breaking And Culminating To Form A New Continent Called Super Continent Cycles Has Been Going On Since Millions Of Years. According To Wikipedia Study Of Continents Physical Location, History, Movement And Their Transformation Over Time Are Called Palaeogeography. They Join And Collide Again And Again To Form What Seems Like A Jigsaw Puzzle.

This constant collision and moving apart of such land masses has led to the formation of 8 major super continents over the years:

  1. Kenorland

     

  2. Arctica

  3. Atlantica

  4. Columbia (Nuna)

  5. Rodinia

  6. Pannotia

  7. Gondwana

  8. Pangaea

The continents are:

  • Asia
  • Africa
  • North America
  • South America
  • Antarctica
  • Europe
  • Australia

Oceans of the Earth :-

What comes in your head when you hear the ocean of the earth? The name of four oceans pops always in our head but in reality, there are five oceans. The United States Has added one more often in the list that is southern ocean. The Planet Earth Is 30% Land And The Rest Of 70% Consists Of Water.

There Are Five Major Oceans And Are Mentioned In The Order Of Their Size As Below:

Pacific Ocean :-

The Largest Ocean On Earth, It Is Lies Between Asia And The Americas With Both Towards The East And West Respectively.

Atlantic Ocean :-

The second largest ocean basically separates three continents namely – Europe towards its East, North America towards the west and Africa in the south.

Indian Ocean :-

Lies in the South of Asia, this ocean extents towards East Asia and covers areas till Australia.

Southern Ocean :-

Also known as the Antarctic Ocean, this is located in the southern most part of the world covering Antarctica continent.

Arctic Ocean :-

The shallowest of all oceans, it is centred around the North Pole.

How life on Earth came into being?

Do you want to know how life was in earth in the past. Earth Was Extremely Hot Initially To The Extent That It Started Melting Forming Earth’s Core, Mantle Crut And Magnetic Field. Conditions Were Not Feasible For Life To Be Available On Earth. Active Volcanoes , Hostile Temperature And Non-Favourable Atmospheric Conditions Did Not Allow Life To Occur On Earth.

What are the components combined with water and energy to form life?

  • Hydrogen
  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Nitrogen
  • Methane
  • Phosphate
  • Ammonia

These six components combined with water and energy led to form life. On land, although there can be fissures and these components available, water was an essential part too. So , oceans were the place where life could sprout from. Also, it was not possible life to form and survive on the surface of water due to extreme sun exposure and UV radiations detrimental to the survival of life.

Therefore, thousands of kilometres below the ocean surface there are Hydrothermal Vents which acted as the cradle of life.

Hydrothermal Vents below the oceans are large opening on the Earth’s crust formed due to movement of plates beneath the surface.

From here, water seeps into the Earth and comes out at high temperature filled with minerals creating three domains of life on Earth- Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya. The genes of these domains are shared across species forming various forms of life.

The Lost City is believed to be the most favourable place for creating life below the Atlantic Ocean.

Now Let’s discuss certain phenomenon on Earth. There are various phenomenon that run the Earth and make it a habitable place to be for all the species of life.

How Days and Nights, Seasons Occur on Earth?

It takes 23.5 hours for Earth to complete one rotation. This phenomenon of rotation makes the residents of Earth to experience days and nights. The average velocity of Earth on its orbit around the Sun is 18.5 miles per second.

Alongside, the phenomenon of revolution around the Sun takes 365.2 days to complete and is responsible for the seasons experienced on Earth. The tilt of the Earth’s axis towards the earth and away from it determine the occurring of four seasons.

Two days in a year the Earth is either tilted towards or away from the Sun to its maximum limit and these days are called Solstice. Another two days of the year the axis are exactly perpendicular to the imaginary line drawn towards the sun and these are called Equinoxes.

Spring Equinox : March 20

Autumn Equinox : September 23

Summer Solstice : June 21

Winter Solstice : 21st December

While the Earth’s core has iron and metal inside. This makes it as hot as the sun in its core. There is a blanket of gases around the Earth with 78% of it being Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, and the rest minute percentage comprising of carbon dioxide, water vapour and other gases.

Conclusion:-

From the above discussion we find, various factors come into play in running the planet. first of all land and water got divided into various designated locations in the form of oceans and continents.

Later, various elements form the live creating components of the Earth including water, oxygen and energy. there will be massive changes in the future too as evolution is a continuous process.

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